Содержание книги Pathophysiology: textbook / N.V. Krishtal, V.A. Mikhnev, N.N. Zayko et al. — 2nd edition
Abbreviations
Preface
Introduction (MD, PhD, DSc, Professor Nikolay N. Zayko)
The Subject and Tasks of Pathological Physiology
Relationship Between Pathological Physiology and Other Medical Sciences, Its Importance for Clinical Disciplines
Experiment as the Basic Method of Pathological Physiology
Historical Sketch of the Development of Pathological Physiology (MD, PhD, DSc, Professor Valentin F. Myslitskiy; MD, PhD, DSc, Professor Sergey V. Ziablitsev)
PART ONE. GENERAL NOSOLOGY
Chapter I. General Theory of Diseases (MD, PhD, DSc, Professor Nikolay N. Zayko)
Health
Disease
Principles of Diseases Classification
Pathological Reaction, Pathological Process, Pathological Condition
Typical Pathological Processes
Main Periods (Stages) of Disease Development
Chapter II. Etiology and Pathogenesis (MD, PhD, DSc, Professor Nikolay N. Zayko)
Etiology
Conditions of the Disease Occurrence
Pathogenesis
The Cause-and-Effect Relationship
General and Local
Structure and Function
Nonspecific and Specific
Adaptation and Compensation
Reactivity and its Role in Pathology (MD, PhD, DSc, Professor Liudmila Ya. Danilova)
Types of Resistance. Relations with Reactivity
Chapter III. Pathogenic Effect of Environmental Factors on the Organism (MD, PhD, Associate Professor Natalia K. Simeonova)
Mechanical Trauma
Thermal Trauma
Barotrauma
Radiation Injury
Etiology
Pathogenesis
Acute Radiation Disease
Chronic Radiation Disease
Electrotrauma
Pathogenic Effect of Space Flight Factors
Chapter IV. The Role of Heredity, Constitution And Age in Pathology (MD, PhD, Associate Professor Natalia K. Simeonova)
Genetically Determined Diseases
Classification
Etiology
Pathogenesis
Molecular Genetic (Hereditary) Diseases
Chromosomal Diseases
Hereditary Predisposition
Genetic Examination of a Patient
Principles of Prevention and Treatment of Hereditary Diseases
Role of The Constitution in Pathology
Pathological Physiology of Fetal Development (MD, PhD, DSc, Professor Larisa A. Popova)
Ageing (MD, PhD, DSc, Professor Gennadiy M. Butenko)
Changes in the Body during Aging
Ageing and Diseases
Causes and Mechanisms of Ageing
The Ways of Influence on Ageing
PART TWO. GENERAL PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF CELLS. TYPICAL METABOLIC DISORDERS
Chapter V. Pathophysiology of Cell (MD, PhD, DSc, Professor Gennadiy M. Butenko)
Disturbances of Cells Functions
Disorders of Metabolic Processes and Environment Interaction
Disturbance of Cell Energy Supply
Disturbances of Genetic Information Storage and Transfer
Intracellular Synthesis Disorders
Dissimilation Interruption
Cell Damage and Death
Chapter VI. Pathology of Energy Balance (MD, PhD, DSc, Professor Liudmila Ya. Danilova; MD, PhD, DSc, Professor Nikolay V. Krishtal)
Chapter VII. Pathophysiology of Carbohydrate Metabolism (MD, PhD, DSc, Professor Liudmila Ya. Danilova; MD, PhD, DSc, Professor Nikolay V. Krishtal)
Carbohydrate Metabolism and its Regulation
Pathology of the Carbohydrate Metabolism
Chapter VIII. Pathophysiology of Lipid Metabolism (MD, PhD, DSc, Professor Nikolay V. Krishtal; MD, PhD, DSc, Professor Liudmila Ya. Danilova)
Malabsorption of Lipids
Disorders of Lipid Transport and Deposition
Lipid Infiltration and Lipid Dystrophy
Disorder of Intermediate Lipid Metabolism
Disorders of Lipid Metabolism in The Adipose Tissue
Obesity
Weight Loss
Lipidoses
Chapter IX. Pathophysiology of Protein Metabolism (MD, PhD, DSc, Professor Larisa A. Popova; MD, PhD, DSc, Professor Victor Ye. Dosenko)
Disorders of Amino Acid Metabolism
Hereditary Disorders of Metabolism of Certain Amino Acids
Disorders of Final Stages of Protein Metabolism
Disorders of Proteins of the Blood
Disorders of the Nucleic Acids Metabolism
Chapter X. Patophysiology of Acid-Base Homeostasis (MD, PhD, DSc, Professor Nikolay V. Krishtal)
Etiology, Pathogenesis and Forms of Acid-Base Imbalance
The Relationship between ABH and Mineral Exchange
Etiology and Classification of Non-Respiratory Acid-Base Imbalance
Pathological Effects of Acid-Base Imbalance on the Body
Mechanisms of Compensation of Acid-Base Imbalance
Chapter XI. Patophysiology of Water-Electrolyte Balance (MD, PhD, DSc, Professor Nikolay V. Krishtal; MD, PhD, DSc, Professor Oleg I. Sukmanskiy)
Types, Causes, and Consequences of Water-Electrolyte Imbalance
Electrolyte Imbalance
The Exchange of Sodium and Its Imbalance
The Exchange of Potassium and Its Imbalance
The Exchange of Magnesium and Its Imbalance
The Exchange of Chlorine and Its Imbalance
The Exchange of Calcium and Its Imbalance
The Exchange of Phosphorus and Its Imbalance
The Osteoporosis
Chapter XII. Pathophysiology of Microelements Metabolism (MD, PhD, DSc, Professor Nikolay V. Krishtal)
Iron Exchange and Imbalance
Copper Exchange and Imbalance
Zinc Exchange and Imbalance
Manganese Exchange And Imbalance
Chromium Exchange and Imbalance
Vanadium Exchange and Imbalance
Molybdenum Exchange and Imbalance
Selenium Exchange and Imbalance
Iodine Exchange And Imbalance
Fluoride Exchange and Imbalance
Chapter XIII. Pathophysiology of Vitamins Metabolism (MD, PhD, DSc, Professor Nikolay V. Krishtal)
Classification and General Characteristics of Vitamins in the Human Body
Sources of Vitamins and Their Metabolism in the Body
Main Causes of Vitamin Deficiency Development
Deficiency of Antineurotic Vitamin В1
Deficiency of Riboflavin
Deficiency of Antipellagric Vitamin РР
Deficiency of Antidermatitic Vitamin В6
Deficiency of Folic Acid
Deficiency of Antianemic Vitamin В12
Deficiency of Antiscorbutic Vitamin C
Deficiency of Biotin
Deficiency of Rutin
Deficiency of Antixerophthalmic Vitamin A
Deficiency of Antirachitic Vitamin D
Deficiency of Vitamin E
Deficiency of Vitamin F
Deficiency of Antihemorrhagic Vitamin K
Hypervitaminoses
PART THREE. TYPICAL PATHOLOGICAL PROCESSES
Chapter XIV. Pathophysiology of Peripheral Blood Circulation (MD, PhD, DSc, Professor Yuriy V. Byts; MD, PhD, DSc, Professor Anatoliy V. Kubyshkin)
Arterial Hyperemia
Venous Hyperemia
Ischemia
Stasis
Thrombosis
Embolism
Chapter XV. Microcirculatory Disorders (MD, PhD, DSc, Professor Yuriy V. Byts; MD, PhD, DSc, Professor Anatoliy V. Kubyshkin)
Intravascular Mechanisms of Microcirculatory Disorders
Extravascular Mechanisms of Microcirculatory Disorders
Chapter XVI. Inflammation (MD, PhD, DSc, Professor Nikolay V. Krishtal)
Experimental Models of Inflammation
Etiology of Inflammation
Pathogenesis of Inflammation
Alteration
The Inflammatory Cells and Mediators
The Influence of Inflammatory Mediators on the Organism
Vascular Reactions in Inflammation
Exudation
Emigration of the White Blood Cells
Phagocytosis
Proliferation and Regeneration
Classification
Chapter XVII. Pathophysiology of the Immunity (MD, PhD, DSc, Professor Vladislav A. Horban; MD, PhD, DSc, Professor Nikolay V. Krishtal)
The Main Functions and Structure of the Immune System
Genesis and Function of T- and B-Lymphocytes
Experimental Models of Hypofunction of the Immune System
Immune Deficiency Diseases
Immune-Suppressive Diseases
Disorders of the Systems that Functionally Associated with the Immune System
Chapter XVIII. Allergy (MD, PhD, DSc, Professor Vladislav A. Horban)
Etiology
Classification of Allergens
Pathogenesis
Immunological Stage of Allergic Reactions and Their Classification
The Pathochemical Stage of Allergic Reactions
Pathophysiological Stage of Allergic Reactions
Mechanisms of Formation of Allergic Reactions
Autoallergic Diseases
False Allergy (Paraallergy, Heteroallergy)
Prevention of the Allergy. Desensibilization
Chapter XIX. Fever (MD, PhD, DSc, Professor Nikolay N. Zayko)
Etiology
Pathogenesis. The Role of the Thermoregulatory Centers in the Fever Development
Stages of the Fever
Types of Temperature Curves
Difference between Fever and Hyperthermia
Effect of Fever on Body Organs and Systems
Significance of Fever for Organism
Chapter XX. Tumors (Neoplasms) (MD, PhD, DSc, Professor Vladislav A. Horban)
Experimental Models of Neoplasia
Features of the Neoplastic Tissue
Malignancy of Tumors
Etiology of Tumor
Pathogenesis of Tumor
The Tumor Effect on the Organism
The Role of the Organism in the Neoplastic Process
Chapter XXI. Starvation (MD, PhD, DSc, Professor Liudmila Ya. Danilova)
The Complete Starvation
Incomplete Starvation
Partial Starvation
Chapter XXII. Hypoxia (MD, PhD, Associate Professor Natalia K. Simeonova)
Etiology
Pathogenesis
Compensatory and Adaptive Reactions
Immediate Compensatory Reactions
Delayed Compensatory Reactions
Adaptation
Pathological Changes During the Hypoxia
PART FOUR. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF ORGANS AND SYSTEMS
Chapter XXIII. Pathophysiology of the Blood System (MD, PhD, Associate Professor Irina I. Pototskaya)
Total Blood Volume Disorders
Hemorrhage
Pathology of the Erythrocytes
Erythrocytosis
Anemia
The Posthemorrhagic Anemia
Hemolytic Anemia
The Dyserythropoietic Anemia
Pathological Changes of the Leukocytes
Disorders of the Leukopoiesis
Quantitative Changes of the Leukocytes in the Blood
The Qualitative Changes of the Leukocytes in the Blood
Hemoblastosis, Leukemia
Pathology of the Hemostasis
Hemorrhagic Syndromes
Thrombotic Syndromes
Chapter ХХIV. Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Disorders Caused By Heart Dysfunction (MD, PhD, DSc, Professor Gennadiy M. Butenko)
Heart Failure
Heart Failure Associated with Volume Overload. Mechanisms of Compensation
Heart Failure due to Myocardium Damage
Cardiac Rhythm Disorders
Chapter XXV. Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Disorders Caused By Vessels Dysfunction (MD, PhD, DSc, Professor Yuriy V. Byts; MD, PhD, DSc, Professor Nikolay V. Krishtal)
Pathological Changes in the Vessels of the Compensatory Type. Atherosclerosis
Experimental Models of the Atherosclerosis
Etiology
Pathogenesis
Pathophysiology of Vessels of the Resistance (Muscle) Type
Arterial Hypertension
Experimental models of the hypertension
Etiology
Pathogenesis
Pulmonary Hypertension
Arterial Hypotension
Chapter XXVI. Pathophysiology of Extreme States (MD, PhD, Associate Professor Larisa P. Zayarnaya)
Shock
Etiology
Pathogenesis
Specific Features of the Shock Development
Collapse
Chapter XXVII. Pathophysiology of the Respiration (MD, PhD, DSc, Professor Vladimir A. Mikhnev)
Disorders of the Alveolar Ventilation
Disregulative Ventilative Respiratory Insufficiency
Obstructive Ventilative Insufficiency
Restrictive Ventilative Insufficiency
Disorders of the Respiration in the Pulmonary Obstructive and Restrictive Processes
Diffusive Insufficiency of the Lungs
Decrease of the Total Blood Flow in the Lungs
Breaking of the Total and Local Ventilation-Perfusion Ratio in the Lungs
Impact of the Respiratory Failure on the Body
Disorders of Non-Respiratory Functions of the Lungs
Chapter XXVIII. Pathophysiology of the Digestive System (MD, PhD, DSc, Professor Oleg I. Sukmanskiy; MD, PhD, DSc, Professor Vitaliy A. Kostenko)
Appetite Disorder
Digestive Disorders in the Oral Cavity
The Chewing Disorder
Dental Caries
Periodontal Pathology
Disorders of Salivation
Disorders of Swallowing and Esophageal Motility
Digestive Disorders in the Stomach
Disorders of the Stomach Secretion
Disorders of the Stomach Motility
Peptic Ulcer
Intestinal Digestive Disorders
Digestive Disorders Connected with Impairment of the Bile and Pancreatic Juice Secretion
Pancreatitis
Disorders of the Parietal Digestion
Disorder of Intestinal Absorption. Malabsorption Syndrome
Intestinal Motility Disorders
Intestinal Obstruction
Intestinal Dysbiosis. Intestinal Autointoxication
Disorders of Hormone Synthesis in the Digestive System
Chapter XXIX. Pathophysiology of the Liver (MD, PhD, Associate Professor Irina I. Pototskaya)
General Characteristics of Pathological Processes in the Liver
Hepatic Insufficiency
Disorders of the Metabolism in Liver
Hepatic Protective Dysfunctions
Hepatic Coma
Disorders of the Cholopoiesis and Cholekinesis
Disorders of the Hemodynamics at Deseases of Liver
Chapter XXX. Pathophysiology of the Kidneys (MD, PhD, DSc, Professor Nikolay V. Krishtal; MD, PhD, DSc, Professor Anatoliy I. Gozhenko)
Disorders of the Renal Functions and Processes
Disorders of Glomerular Filtration
Disorders of Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion
Pathogenesis of the Renal Syndromes
Nephrotic Syndrome
Acute Renal Failure
Chronic Renal Failure
Tubulointerstitial Syndrome
Etiology and Pathogenesis of the Main Renal Diseases
Glomerulonephritis
Pyelonephritis
Chapter XXXI. Pathophysiology of the Endocrine System (MD, PhD, DSc, Professor Aleksandr G. Reznikov)
Hormones and Their Role in the Body
Etiology and Pathogenesis of Endocrine Disorders
Dysfunction of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary System
Dysfunctions of the Pituitary
Neuroendocrine Diseases
Disorders of Other Endocrine Organs
Dysfunctions of the Thyroid Gland
Dysfunctions of the Parathyroid Glands
Dysfunctions of the Adrenal Glands
Dysfunctions of the Sex Glands
The Endocrine Dysfunction of the Thymus
Dysfunctions of the Pineal Body (Epiphysis)
Stress and General Adaptation Syndrome
Diabetes Mellitus (MD, PhD, DSc, Professor Nikolay V. Krishtal)
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Chapter ХХХII. Pathophysiology of the Nervous System (MD, PhD, DSc, Professor Vladimir A. Mikhnev)
Etiology and Pathogenesis of the Nervous System Disorders
Dysfunctions of the Nervous System
Dysfunctions of the Nerve Cells and Conductors
Dysfunctions of the Synapses
Disorders of the Sensitivity
Pain
Disorders of the Motor Functions of the Nervous System
The Nervous Trophicity and Dystrophic Process
Dysfunctions of the Autonomic Nervous System
Experimental Models of Emotional Reactions and their Disorders
Coma (MD, PhD, Associate Professor Larisa P. Zayarnaya)
References
Index